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NINTH CIRCUIT HOLDS BANKRUPTCY COURTS LACK AUTHORITY TO ENTER FINAL JUDGMENT IN FRAUDULENT CONVEYANCE ACTIONS



In a decision issued today in Executive Benefits Insurance Agency v. Arkison (In re Bellingham Insurance Agency, Inc., Case No. 11-35162), the Ninth Circuit held that bankruptcy courts lack authority to enter final judgment in fraudulent conveyance actions against nonclaimants. Relying upon the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Granfinanciera, S.A. v. Nordberg, 492 U.S. 33 (1989) and Stern v. Marshall (131 S. Ct. 2594 (2011), the appellate court noted that the public rights exception to the rule of Article III adjudication does not encompass federal-law fraudulent conveyance claims, even though Congress designated such claims as core proceedings. Instead, bankruptcy courts have the power to hear fraudulent conveyance cases and submit reports and recommendations to the district court. The panel also held that the right to a hearing in an Article III court is waivable, and that the nonclaimant defendant in this case, by not objecting earlier on in the case, consented to the bankruptcy judge's adjudication of the fraudulent conveyance claim. To view a summary of the decision and read the full text of the opinion, visit ABI's VOLO here.

ANALYSIS: FINANCIALLY SICK FIRMS OFTEN GRANT BONUSES IN MONTHS BEFORE BANKRUPTCY FILING



More than 1,600 insiders—executives and others controlling a company—received bonuses, salaries, fees and other compensation totaling more than $1.3 billion in the months before their companies filed for chapter 11, according to a Wall Street Journal analysis of more than 80 bankruptcy cases over the past five years. Financially ailing companies such as Hostess Brands often pay bonuses and other compensation to executives and private-equity owners before filing for bankruptcy protection. Hostess's bankruptcy judge said during a Nov. 29 hearing that the payments "will definitely be looked at" as he approved the company's request to start liquidating and laying off more than 18,000 employees. Hostess was exploring a potential bankruptcy filing in July 2011 when its board voted to boost the salary of its chief executive and other high-level officers, according to creditors. Five months later, it filed for chapter 11, its second bankruptcy filing in a decade. Financially ailing companies often pay bonuses and other compensation to executives, directors and private-equity owners in the months before filing for bankruptcy protection. Federal law prevents "retention" bonuses paid to such "insiders" after a bankruptcy case is filed but not before. Read more. (Subscription required.)

OBAMA RECESS APPOINTMENTS FACE FIRST APPEALS COURT TEST



President Barack Obama’s authority to make appointments without U.S. Senate approval is being considered by an appeals court for the first time in a test of so-called pro-forma sessions set up by Republican lawmakers, Bloomberg News reported on Saturday. To prevent Obama from appointing officials after Congress started a holiday break last December, House and Senate Republicans refused to adopt a resolution to formally adjourn. Congressional Republicans opposed to the powers granted the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau were seeking to block the president from appointing former Ohio Attorney General Richard Cordray as the new agency’s first head, having refused a confirmation vote since he was nominated in July. Obama also appointed Cordray on Jan. 4. His appointment is being contested in a Washington, D.C., lawsuit while the validity of the president's naming of three National Labor Relations Board members on Jan. 4 has been raised in at least three other cases. Read more.

COMMENTARY: THE MORTGAGE CHALLENGE



The biggest economic policy error of President Obama's first term was the failure to address foreclosures effectively, according to a New York Times editorial on Sunday. By favoring the voluntary cooperation of banks in reducing monthly payments for hard-pressed borrowers, Obama’s policies did more to shield the banks from losses than to help homeowners and stabilize the market. Recent signs of a housing recovery aside, nearly three million loans are now in or near foreclosure, according to Moody’s Analytics. In addition, some five million borrowers who are current in their payments have high-rate mortgages that they have not refinanced, in part because of excessive bank fees. In all, nearly 12 million borrowers collectively owe $600 billion more on their mortgages than their homes are worth, a loss of wealth and a load of debt that make a strong and steady economic recovery all but impossible. The question now is whether Obama will use his second term to push through effective mortgage reform, according to the editorial. A first test of his resolve will be the swift nomination of a new director for the agency that oversees Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the government-controlled mortgage companies that own or back most mortgages. While new leadership at Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is a key to more relief, the push for more help also could be strengthened through support of legislation that would expand refinancings and principal reductions. A sound mortgage-relief agenda, according to the editorial, also requires an enforcement plan. Read more.

COMMENTARY: BANKRUPTCY FOR DETROIT LOOMS AS UNIONS AND THE CITY COUNCIL RESIST REFORM



Michigan lawmakers have kept Detroit on life support for the past six months and may need to do so indefinitely barring a miraculous economic recovery, according to a Wall Street Journal editorial today. The city will run out of cash this month unless the state releases $30 million in bond proceeds, which are being held in escrow under a consent agreement that council members reluctantly approved in April. The rescue package ties $137 million in state aid to reforms and lets Mayor Dave Bing redo labor contracts. The city has already drawn $40 million from the state and may soon be cut off since council members last month rejected a contract for a legal firm to advise the mayor, a condition of further aid. Read more. (Subscription required.)

STUDENT-LOAN COLLECTION TARGETED FOR OVERHAUL IN CONGRESS



Congress will consider overhauling debt collection in the $100 billion-a-year U.S. student loan program, replacing it with automatic withdrawals from borrowers' paychecks tied to their income, Bloomberg News reported today. Rep. Tom Petri (R-Wis.) plans to introduce legislation as soon as this week that would require employers to withhold payments from wages in the same way they do taxes. Payments would be capped at 15 percent of borrowers’ income after basic living expenses. The bill follows growing concern about the burden of $1 trillion in outstanding student loans, which now exceed credit- card debt. Under the new system, the government would no longer need to hire private debt-collection companies and charge fees that add as much as 25 percent to borrowers' loan balances, leaving defaulted former students even deeper in the hole. Read more.

In related news, Rep. George Miller (D-Calif.), the ranking Democrat on the House Education Committee, is looking into student-loan practices by private lenders that he says resemble the runaround homeowners were given by mortgage lenders, CongressDaily reported yesterday. He is asking the Government Accountability Office to examine problems reported by student borrowers and has asked Sallie Mae Inc., Wells Fargo, the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency, and Citigroup for information on their practices.

For more on the issue of student loan practices, be sure to listen to ABI’s latest podcast.

LATEST ABI PODCAST FEATURES STUDY ON STUDENT LOAN DISCHARGES AND THE UNDUE HARDSHIP STANDARD



The latest ABI Podcast features ABI Resident Scholar Susan Hauser speaking with Jason Iuliano, the author of "An Empirical Assessment of Student Loan Discharges and the Undue Hardship Standard." Iuliano, a graduate of Harvard Law School and currently a Ph. D. candidate at Princeton University, discusses the methodology of his study and a few of the conclusions that can be drawn from it about student loan discharges and the undue hardship standard in bankruptcy. Click here to listen.

ABI IN-DEPTH

ABI'S INTERACTIVE BANKRUPTCY CODE AND RULES SITE UPDATED TO INCLUDE AMENDMENTS EFFECTIVE DEC. 1



ABI's Bankruptcy Code and Rules site has been updated with all proposed amendments to Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure 1007, 2015, 3001, 7054 and 7056 that took effect Dec. 1. Use the most current Code and Rules by going to http://law.abi.org/.

WEBCASTS NOW AVAILABLE OF CHAPTER 11 COMMISSION EVENTS, CONCERT DEDICATED TO ABI MEMBER STEVEN GOLICK



Looking to learn about ABI’s Chapter 11 Commission’s efforts in 2013? Catch the final 2012 public hearing of the Commission? Listen to a concert by ABI’s Indubitable Equivalents dedicated to Steven Golick? Follow the links below to access the webstreams of these recent events:

• ABI's media teleconference held Dec. 3: "Teleconference to Look at Chapter 11 Commission to Date: What Have We Learned?" Click here.

• Final public hearing of ABI's Commission to Study the Reform of Chapter 11 that took place on Nov. 30 at ABI’s Winter Leadership Conference. Click here.

• Performance of ABI’s Indubitable Equivalents dedicated to ABI member, leader and band mate, Steven Golick, who has recently undergone successful surgery to remove a brain tumor. Watch the concert at www.abiband.com.

NEW ON ABI’S BANKRUPTCY BLOG EXCHANGE: SUPREME COURT SEEKS VIEW OF SOLICITOR GENERAL IN BANKRUPTCY EXEMPTION CASE



The Bankruptcy Blog Exchange is a free ABI service that tracks 35 bankruptcy-related blogs. A recent blog explores the decision by the U.S. Supreme Court yesterday to ask the U.S. solicitor general to provide perspective on whether a bankruptcy court has the power to levy a financial charge against a chapter 7 debtor's residential property, which he has claimed falls under the homestead exemption (Stephen Law v. Alfred Siegel, No. 12-5196, U.S. Sup.).

Be sure to check the site several times each day; any time a contributing blog posts a new story, a link to the story will appear on the top. If you have a blog that deals with bankruptcy, or know of a good blog that should be part of the Bankruptcy Exchange, please contact the ABI Web team.

LATEST BLOOMBERG LAW VIDEO: BILL ON BANKRUPTCY- PATRIOT COAL CASE KICKED FROM MANHATTAN TO ST. LOUIS



The decision sending the Patriot Coal Corp. reorganization to St. Louis will focus debate on the near impossibility of convincing a judge in New York or Delaware to send a bankruptcy somewhere else, as Bloomberg Law's Lee Pacchia and Bloomberg News bankruptcy columnist Bill Rochelle discuss on their new video. Click here to watch.

ABI Quick Poll

A licensee of a trademark has the right to retain the license even when a debtor rejects the underlying contract creating the license. (Sunbeam Products, 7th Cir.)

Click here to vote on this week's Quick Poll. Click here to view the results of previous Quick Polls.

INSOL INTERNATIONAL



INSOL International is a worldwide federation of national associations for accountants and lawyers who specialize in turnaround and insolvency. There are currently 37 member associations worldwide with more than 9,000 professionals participating as members of INSOL International. As a member association of INSOL, ABI's members receive a discounted subscription rate. See ABI's enrollment page for details.

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2013

January

- Western Consumer Bankruptcy Conference

     January 21, 2013 | Las Vegas, Nev.

- Rocky Mountain Bankruptcy Conference

     January 24-25, 2013 | Denver, Colo.

February

- Caribbean Insolvency Symposium

     February 7-9, 2013 | Miami, Fla.

- Kansas City Advanced Consumer Bankruptcy Practice Institute

     February 17-19, 2013 | Kansas City, Mo.

- VALCON 2013

     February 20-22, 2013 | Las Vegas, Nev.

March

- Bankruptcy Battleground West

     March 22, 2012 | Los Angeles, Calif.

ANALYSIS: FORECLOSURE WAVE AVERTED AS DOOMSAYERS DEFIED



The U.S. has not seen the surge of delinquent homes predicted by market researchers, academics and Wall Street analysts following the settlement of the government's investigation into faulty mortgage practices, Bloomberg News reported today. The flood failed to materialize, even after the five biggest U.S. mortgage servicers reached a $25 billion settlement with federal and state regulators in February. Instead, the number of properties for sale shrank to the fewest in a decade, prices appreciated at the fastest pace since 2005, and the gradual healing of the housing market helped boost consumer confidence and the economy. Banks have stepped up foreclosure alternatives to avoid legal challenges. They are forgiving debt, modifying payment plans and approving short sales that allow homeowners to sell for less than they owe. Read more.

U.S. MORTGAGE-BACKER ROLE GROWS AS FISCAL TALKS DELAY FIX



The federal government's role as the backer of most U.S. home loans is becoming entrenched as fiscal issues divert Congress and the White House from a housing-finance overhaul that would shift more risk to private capital, Bloomberg News reported today. At the core of such an overhaul is the future of Washington, D.C.-based Fannie Mae and McLean, Va.-based Freddie Mac, the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that provide market liquidity by buying home loans and bundling them into securities. As they neared collapse in 2008, the companies were placed into federal conservatorship. "It is vital to the long-term health of our country’s housing and financial markets that our elected leaders seek to bring the conservatorships to a conclusion, and to define the government's role and requirements for housing finance in the future," said Federal Housing Finance Agency acting director Edward J. DeMarco. Housing-finance reform is only “number two or three” on the agenda for Congress, Jim Millstein, the former U.S. Treasury Department chief restructuring officer who now runs advisory firm Millstein & Co., said. "The reality is that a now-four-year-long conservatorship is no longer even threatening to become a nationalization of the mortgage market," said Millstein. "It is becoming the nationalization of the mortgage market." Read more.

DODD-FRANK SWAP-CLEARING RULE GETS CFTC FINAL APPROVAL



Wall Street's largest swap dealers, including Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co., will be required to guarantee trades at clearinghouses starting in March under a rule made final by the top U.S. derivatives regulator, Bloomberg News reported today. The five-member Commodity Futures Trading Commission voted unanimously in a private process yesterday to complete the final determinations, the agency said. The rule, which had been scheduled for a public vote, determines which credit and interest-rate swaps must be guaranteed at clearinghouses owned by LCH.Clearnet Group Ltd., CME Group Inc. and Intercontinental Exchange Inc. "Central clearing lowers the risk of the highly interconnected financial system," CFTC Chairman Gary Gensler said. "It also democratizes the market by eliminating the need for market participants to individually determine counterparty credit risk, as now clearinghouses stand between buyers and sellers." Read more.

FINAL VOLCKER RULE TO BE DELAYED UNTIL 2013



Due to the complexity of the Volcker rule, the challenges of agency coordination and the volume of feedback regulators received, government officials are now pointing to the first quarter of 2013 as a more likely deadline over the year-end goal shared previously by participants like Martin Gruenberg, acting chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., CNBC.com reported yesterday. "Our goal is to achieve a strong and consistent rule, although the process is not as easy or simple as any of us would like," said Treasury Undersecretary Mary Miller. Miller noted that regulators had received more than 18,000 comment letters on the proposed rule, but they were making "steady progress" toward its implementation. The rule, part of the Dodd-Frank Act, aims to restrict banks from making certain speculative investments for their own gain — also known as proprietary trading. Such practices came under harsh scrutiny during the financial crisis when banks made big bets based on the direction of the economy, while advising clients otherwise. Read more.

EXPERTS SAY BANKRUPTCY AN UNATTRACTIVE OPTION FOR DETROIT



While Detroit appears to be headed toward chapter 9 bankruptcy as political and legal battles continue to stall fiscal reforms required by the state for the release of millions in critical bond funding, financial and legal experts warn that the city should avoid bankruptcy, the Detroit News reported today. Experts say that Detroit, which would be the biggest city ever to file for bankruptcy protection in American history, should steel itself for a long, costly process involving a litany of unknowns if the state allows it to proceed with a chapter 9 filing. "The way the laws are now, it's a really messy option," said Kenneth Whipple, a retired businessman and member of the city's Financial Advisory Board created by Gov. Rick Snyder to help monitor Detroit's finances. "There aren't any cities as big as Detroit in as complicated a legal structure that have gone that way." The city and state have been at an impasse over the specific reforms Detroit must meet as part of a "milestone agreement" to claim $30 million in state bond funding that is currently being held in escrow. Detroit needs the funds to get through yet another short-term cash crunch, but the Snyder administration seems unwilling to budge. Read more.

LIVE WEBCASTS AVAILABLE TOMORROW FROM ABI'S WINTER LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE!



Not able to attend ABI’s Winter Leadership Conference starting today in Tucson, Ariz.? You will not want to miss two events tomorrow available via live webstream: ABI’s Chapter 11 Commission and a concert by ABI’s Indubitable Equivalents dedicated to Steven Golick.

• At 1:15 p.m. ET (11:15 a.m. MT), ABI's Commission to Study the Reform of Chapter 11 will hold its final public hearing of 2012. Members are encouraged to watch the hearing via a live webstream available at http://commission.abi.org. All materials are part of the Commission's record to be transmitted to Congress following the two-year investigation and report.

• At 11:30 p.m. ET (9:30 pm MT), ABI’s Indubitable Equivalents will perform a concert dedicated to ABI member, leader and band mate, Steven Golick, who has recently undergone successful surgery to remove a brain tumor. Steve will be watching from his home in Toronto. Watch the concert live at www.abiband.com.

RICHMOND BAR CALLING FOR NOMINATIONS TO FILL JUDICIAL VACANCY; SUBMISSIONS MUST BE RECEIVED BY DEC. 13



The Judiciary Committee of the Richmond (Va.) Bar Association invites ABI members to submit nominations to fill a judicial vacancy in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in Richmond. The court is looking to fill the vacancy left by the retirement of Bankruptcy Judge Douglas O. Tice, Jr. Suggestions must be in writing and should be mailed to Virginia H. Grigg, Esq., c/o Richmond Bar Association, P.O. Box 1213, Richmond, Virginia 23218 or hand-delivered to her at the Bar office located at 707 E. Main Street, Suite 1620, Richmond, VA 23219. Nominations must be received by 4:00 p.m. ET on Thursday, December 13, 2012 in order to be considered.

ABI IN-DEPTH

LATEST CASE SUMMARY ON VOLO: KEYSER V. WASATCH TOWERS CONDOMINIUM OWNERS ASSOCIATION INC. (IN RE KEYSER; 10TH CIR.)



Summarized by Brendan Gage of St. John's University School of Law

Affirming the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel, the Tenth Circuit dismissed an appeal by debtor Steven Keyser for lack of jurisdiction because his notice of appeal was untimely under Fed. R. Bankr. P. 8002(a).

There are over 700 appellate opinions summarized on Volo, and summaries typically appear within 24 hours of the ruling. Click here regularly to view the latest case summaries on ABI’s Volo website.

NEW ON ABI’S BANKRUPTCY BLOG EXCHANGE: COURT DECISION SPELLS WIN FOR VITRO BONDHOLDERS



The Bankruptcy Blog Exchange is a free ABI service that tracks 35 bankruptcy-related blogs. A recent blog post examines a U.S. appellate court decision yesterday that upheld a bankruptcy court decision to reject Mexican glassmaker's Vitro SAB’s controversial bankruptcy plan. The decision represented a win for bondholders that have been sparring with the company for years over its debt restructuring plan.

Be sure to check the site several times each day; any time a contributing blog posts a new story, a link to the story will appear on the top. If you have a blog that deals with bankruptcy, or know of a good blog that should be part of the Bankruptcy Exchange, please contact the ABI Web team.

LATEST BLOOMBERG LAW VIDEO: BILL ON BANKRUPTCY- PATRIOT COAL CASE KICKED FROM MANHATTAN TO ST. LOUIS



The decision sending the Patriot Coal Corp. reorganization to St. Louis will focus debate on the near impossibility of convincing a judge in New York or Delaware to send a bankruptcy somewhere else, as Bloomberg Law's Lee Pacchia and Bloomberg News bankruptcy columnist Bill Rochelle discuss on their new video. Click here to watch.

ABI Quick Poll

Despite the "free and clear" language of Sect. 363(f), purchasers of assets in 363 sales may still be liable for injuries to unidentifiable future claimants. (In re Grumman Olson Indus, S.D.N.Y.).

Click here to vote on this week's Quick Poll. Click here to view the results of previous Quick Polls.

INSOL INTERNATIONAL



INSOL International is a worldwide federation of national associations for accountants and lawyers who specialize in turnaround and insolvency. There are currently 37 member associations worldwide with more than 9,000 professionals participating as members of INSOL International. As a member association of INSOL, ABI's members receive a discounted subscription rate. See ABI's enrollment page for details.

Have a Twitter, Facebook or LinkedIn Account?

Join our networks to expand yours.

December

- Forty-Hour Bankruptcy Mediation Training

     December 4-8, 2012 | New York, N.Y.

2013

January

- Western Consumer Bankruptcy Conference

     January 21, 2013 | Las Vegas, Nev.

- Rocky Mountain Bankruptcy Conference

     January 24-25, 2013 | Denver, Colo.

February

- Caribbean Insolvency Symposium

     February 7-9, 2013 | Miami, Fla.

- Kansas City Advanced Consumer Bankruptcy Practice Institute

     February 17-19, 2013 | Kansas City, Mo.

- VALCON 2013

     February 20-22, 2013 | Las Vegas, Nev.

March

- Bankruptcy Battleground West

     March 22, 2012 | Los Angeles, Calif.