Reading Husky narrowly, the Eleventh Circuit requires that fraud occur before a debt arises to make the debt nondischargeable under Section 523(a)(2)(A).
Fictitious profits in account statements don’t represent ‘value’ and give rise to a defense for receipt of a fraudulent transfer with ‘actual intent,’ the Second Circuit rules.
Third Circuit’s Judge Bibas says that courts use the wrong nomenclature when they say that creditors lack standing to pursue claims belonging to the estate. It’s a question of statutory authority, he said, not standing.