A trustee can avoid and preserve a tax lien for the benefit of unsecured creditors, but a debtor can’t if the debtor hasn’t paid the taxes, the Ninth Circuit says.
Interpreting the hanging paragraph in Section 523(a), the Ninth Circuit sticks to the Beard test in deciding whether something is close enough to a tax return to justify discharging a tax debt.
A panel of the Ninth Circuit implicitly urged en banc reversal of two decisions holding that a homestead exemption is lost if the proceeds are not reinvested within the time required by state law, even if the exemption was valid on the filing date.
Even when the debtors are not parties to the suit, the stay is violated when a creditor pursues an action to collect a debt owing by the debtors, so says the Ninth Circuit BAP.