Are Bankruptcy-Specific State Exemptions Constitutional

Richardson v. Schafer (In re Schafer), 689 F.3d 601(6th Cir. 2012); In re Pontius, 421 B.R. 814 (Bankr. W.D. Mich., 2009); In re Wallace, 347 B.R. 626 (Bankr. W.D. Mich. 2006); In re Jones, 428 B.R. 720 (Bankr. W.D. Mich. 2010), rev’d 455 B.R. 590 (6th Cir. B.A.P. 2010), rev’d 689 F.3d 601 (6th Cir. 2012); In re Reinhart, 460 B.R. 466 (Bankr. E.D. Mich. 2011); Hanover Nat’l Bank v. Moyses, 186 U.S. 181, 188, 22 S.Ct. 857, 860-61, 46 L.Ed. 1113 (1902); Rhodes v. Stewart, 705 F.2d 159 (6th Cir. 1983), cert. denied 464 U.S. 983, 104 S.Ct. 427, 78 L.Ed.2d 361 (1983); Richardson v. Schafer (In re Schafer), 455 B.R. 590 (6th Cir. B.A.P. 2010), rev’d 689 F.3d 601 (6th Cir. 2012); Sheehan v. Peveich, 574 F.3d 248 (4th Cir. 2009); Schultz v. United States, 529 F.3d 343 (6th Cir. 2008); In re Applebaum, 422 B.R. 684 (B.A.P. 9th Cir., 2009).